Human Trafficking
Abstract
Human trafficking is a form of current-day bondage, and many people worldwide are victims of this crime. However, there are severely limited statistics about the trafficking of humans because of an absence of perception, understanding, and/or coaching about human trafficking (Macias-Konstantopoulos & Ma, 2017). Therefore, the study referenced gives perspectives from several human professionals who used a qualitative case study technique and used format content face-to-face evaluation. Data mainly has been acquired via an interview guide to collect population variables with an evaluation form. The survey focuses on determining awareness of trafficking in human beings, explaining the significance of the trafficking of people, and identifying the challenges related to identifying trafficked workers from the context of non-trafficked workers.
Human Trafficking
This research proves the problem and necessity of this study, briefly reviews work on the problem, presents research questions and essential terms as the basis for the task, and explains the premises and meaning of the study. This study ends with delineating the perspective of the investigator (Loomba, 2017). Trafficking in human beings is among the most severe abuses to the rights of humans, particularly vulnerable people groups. Whether in its country of origin, transit, destination, or all three, each country is affected by human trafficking. The globalization of modern society has made both domestic and transnational crime more widespread. Data from the United Nations (UN) shows that the United States is the principal target nation after Italy for victims of human trafficking.
Trafficking human beings is among the most profitable of illegal businesses. It is estimated that dealers make between $13 billion and $20 billion a year globally. New policies, like the Trafficked Victims Act of 2000 and the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008, have targeted trafficking human beings at the federal level. These rules raise penalties, penalize the culprits, and offer rewards and psychological help to trafficked persons who come forward (Loomba, 2017). Individual states also have passed laws to fight trafficking in persons in the United States. Together these laws provide a strong basis and precedence for combating trafficking. However, with the globalized economy, a global culture of tolerance of human trafficking, strong international demand for prostitutes, and corruption in many governments, human trafficking is still a low-risk criminal enterprise.
Human trafficking occurs across nations worldwide. Research shows many figures on the situation’s complexity, with estimates ranging between four to twenty-seven million. Every year the figure-eight hundred thousand, eighty percents are women and girls, and fifty percent are children trafficked over international borders.
Problem Statement
The empirical condition of the literature has only witnessed minimal developments throughout time, despite growing response and attention to human trafficking, which makes the extent of the problem uncertain (Okech et al., 2018). Worldwide and domestically, trafficking of people happens for both sex and work. People’s inherent and natural fragility makes human trafficking particularly unpleasant. In the United States, for the aim of trafficking or any other federal law, criminal sexual behavior is unlawful to attract, transport, or obtain a child or woman. Those who perpetrate these actions are deemed traffickers or proxies, and benefit from selling a human being, resulting in some profit or value gain.
The United States is the second most important destination after Germany for human trafficking since it is legal, wealthy, industrialized, and prostituted in some countries.
The current estimates in the United States of human trafficking vary based on the data source (Okech et al., 2018). The 2019 report on trafficking in people shows that between fifty thousand and sixty thousand women were trafficked for sex trades. In contrast, the US Department of Justice estimates are substantially lower, from around 14,500 to 17,500. Various other studies in the United States have also been undertaken on the demographic data of victims, as well as traffickers. These studies have depended on a small number of variables, and relied on extensive interviews and questionnaires. They show that human trafficking, due to its hidden nature, is still poorly understood. Victims are reluctant to disclose the crime for fear of deportation and arrest; perpetrators are reluctant for fear of prosecution and imprisonment.
Research on trafficking in human beings has not advanced beyond assessing the size of the problem. It has mapped routes and relations among origin, transit, and destination (Sharapov et al., 2019). Minimal empirical studies are occuring on the effectiveness of US government policies and organizational attempts to fight the problem. While it is generally accepted that trafficking of persons is a major social problem, difficulties in comprehending its complexities and lack of clarity defining the concept create numerous miconceptions of this form of human abuse.
Purpose Statement
Research shows that misunderstandings about human trafficking lead to mislabeling victims. This mislabeling directly affects the correct identification and management of instances related to sex trafficking and may jeopardize human wellbeing. Research reveals that a lack of training and awareness by state protection agencies of human trafficking leads to misidentification or mislabeling regarding human welfare (Sharapov et al., 2019). This misidentification is mainly evident because of a lack in implementing intake processes for screening trafficking. As a result, it is rare for governmental and non-governmental organizations to raise questions that might identify young people during their entry into the human trafficking process. In addition, individuals arrested for violating a law, such as prostitution, often do not identify themselves as victims of trafficking because they do not know the term or do not consider themselves victims.
An analysis between regularity of distribution of a victims’ country of origin, the gender of perpetrators, the place of occurrences throughout the United States, and the type of violence against victims occurred. Additionally, first or second perpetrators’ charges, debt bondage, internet use in victims’ appeals, and the incentive to provide jobs for victims.
The study of data also examined the frequency of the traffickers’ brothels. Based on these findings, human trafficking trends within the United States have been determined and compared to literature review results.
Language also plays an essential part in defining and understanding the problem (Le et al., 2018). Usually, in other nations, not even in the United States, people hear the term trafficking in humans. However, even if they can admit that this is in the US, the general supposition would be that the offenders are foreign-born persons smuggled into the US. However, it has shown that victims of human trafficking, sex trafficked are also citizens in America and range from small communities to massive urban centers in all country regions. Most of the people leave their homes voluntarily and are trafficked on their way. Estimates show between 15,000 and 29,000 Americans are vulnerable to sex transactions every year, from about a hundred thousand to three hundred thousand.
In general, police and human protection services are the primary point of encounter for a victim of human trafficking. But most of the welfare agencies sadly lack training, procedures, and protocols for dealing with human trafficking victims. This lack of guidance leads to severe difficulties in identifying victims and adequate services (Konrad, 2019).
Although most human rights activists do not know the vocabulary or legislation of human trafficking, they know one kind of local sex trafficking, family prostitution. In the absence of identifying crime as sex trafficking, there is a lack of knowledge and awareness on human trafficking and a shortage in the relief and response process barriers to human trafficking. This study intends to promote human trafficking research and understanding, mainly from a professional standpoint. There are very minimal data on trafficking in human beings accessible. Somewhat more minor is recognizing human trafficking, obstacles in identifying victims, and, in particular, attitudes of people’s professions.
Research Questions
This project aims to advance human trafficking research and understanding from a social worker’s perspective. The principal methodologies of this investigation are qualitative, and the case study methodology is used (Stoklosa et al., 2017). The sample includes human rights workers in the geographical area indicated. The objective of this case study is to describe the perceived human trafficking perspectives of these specialists in the geographical location mentioned. In particular, this study aims to examine human trafficking awareness, the meaning of trafficking in human beings, and the obstacles connected with recognizing victims of human trafficking among social workers.
The following are the three explicit main research questions asked in this study:
1. How aware are welfare experts of human trafficking?
2. What is the significance of human welfare experts for trafficked victims?
3. What are the significant challenges in identifying victims of human trafficking?
