1.Which is generally true of typical phonological development in children? Choose all that apply.
A m and b are acquired early
B mastery of the most difficult phonemes is complete by age 6
C mastery of even the simplest phonemes does not begin until age 4
D vowels are acquired early
2.Which word has an aspirated stop in its pronunciation? (Choose as many as apply)
A grabbed
B paper
C paralegal
D tapped
E king
3.The word “better” could be transcribed correctly as ( 2 answers):
A [bɛɾɚ]
B [bɛt̚tʰɚ]
C [bɛt̬ɚ]
D [bɛʡɚ]
4.Which of the following are true statements?
A. Young children, who cannot produce adult speech, often simplify words by using PPs.
B Suppression of a phonological process happens all at once. One day the child has no fricatives and the next day he/she has all of them in all positions
C. The common PPs are stopping and glottal replacement.
D. Not all of the processes discussed in the chapter will occur in the speech of every typically developing child.
5. Which is true of denasalization. Choose all that apply.
A is often found in children with cleft palate
B it could be a sign of structural abnormality
C is called hypernasality
D it is most often associated with a person having a cold or an upper respiratory infection.
6.Which is true of the glottal stop in English. Choose as many as apply.
A. it can persist even after cleft palate surgery due to learned speech patterns
B, it may be an articulation error in someone with hearing loss
C. it is a normal sound in English
D. it may be an articulation error in someone with cleft palate
7. Match the following diacritics with their explanations.
1.advanced
2.labialized
3.dentalization
4.labiodental
5.retracted
A.a labial sound becomes labiodentalized because it is near a labiodental sound
retracted
B.a front sound is pulled backwards because it is near a back vowel labialized
C.a back sound is pulled forward because it is near a front vowel dentalization
D.a sound gets lip rounding because it is near a rounded sound labiodental
E.a sound is pronounced with the tongue touching the teeth because it is close to an interdental sound
8.Match the following diacritics with their explanations.
1.unreleased stops
2. aspirated stops
3.unaspirated stops
4.nasal emission
5.denasality
6.partial voicing
7. partial devoicing
A.a voiced sound loses some voicing because it is next to a voiceless sound
B. air is released when a voiceless stop is at the beginning of a syllable
C.there is no air released when a stop sound is made, usually happens at the ends of words
D.air is released through the nose when it should not be
E.air is not released through the nose when it should be
F.a voiceless sounds obtains some voicing because it is next to a voiced sound
G.a voiced sound loses some voicing because it is next to a voiceless sound
9. Match the following words to the correct assimilation process.
1.mad [mæb]
2.pig [gɪg]
3.cat [tæt]
4.pig [bɪg]
A.voicing assimilation
B.velar assimilation
C alveolar assimilation
D labial assimilation
