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Discuss 1st wave, defining and discussing limitations such as perfect implementation referring to literature and how this applied to the travel bans.

Public Policy

The rationale of the UK Covid-19 travel ban policy

The essay will look at the UK Covid-19 travel ban policy and how it affects the international environment. It will define policy implementation referring to literature.

• In addition to the definition of policy implementation, present and explain the policy implementation approach employed for the policy.

• List the challenges and issues linked to the implementation of the policy. and present recommendations on how the policy could be effectively implemented

• Discuss 1st wave, defining and discussing limitations such as perfect implementation referring to literature and how this applied to the travel bans

• In conclusion, the rationale of the policy and where NPM may have added value, referring to literature

Structure the sections of the essay as subheads as follows:

1. Set out the background to a case-study of policy implementation per topic above or a topic of choice – national, regional, or international level.

2. Define why the implementation issue is important.

3. Outline what approaches have been taken to implement the policy so far.

4. Assess what obstacles and barriers exist to the successful implementation of the policy. Were these overcome or not? If so, how, and why?

5. Discuss any recommendations you would make to improve the delivery and implementation of the policy.

6. Distil findings into a conclusion.

 References

Barber, Michael (2017), How to Run a Government: So that Citizens Benefit and Taxpayers Don’t go Crazy, Penguin, ISBN 978-0-1419-7958-8

Adapted from Cairney, P. (2012) Understanding Public Policy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Van Meter, D. S., Van Horn, C. E. (1975) ‘The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework’, Administration & Society, Vol. 6, Issue 4, pp. 445-48.

Hood, C. (1976) The Limits of Administration, London: Wiley. Hill, M., Hupe, P. (2014) Implementing Public Policy, Third Edition, London: Sage, p. 5

Hill, M. (1984) The Policy Process in the Modern State, Third Edition, New York: Prentice Hall, especially chapters 4-9.

Pressman, J., Wildavsky, A. (1973) Implementation: How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland, Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gunn, L. A. (1978) ‘Why is Implementation so Difficult? Management Services in Government’, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 169-176.

Ferman, B. (1990) ‘When Failure is Success: Implementation and Madisonian Government’, in Palumbo, D. J., Calista, D. J., (eds.), Implementation and the Policy Process: Opening up the Black Box, New York: Greenwood Press, pp. 39-50.

Van Meter, D. S., Van Horn, C. E. (1975) ‘The policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework’, Administration & Society, Vol. 6, Issue 4, pp. 445-488.

De Leon, P., De Leon, L. (2002) ‘What Ever Happened to Policy Implementation? An Alternative Approach’, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol. 12, Issue 4, pp. 467-492.

Levy, R. (2014) ‘New Public Management: End of an Era?’, Public Policy and Administration, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 234-240.

Sabatier, P., Mazmanian, D. (1978) ‘The Conditions of Effective Implementation: A Guide to Accomplishing Policy Objectives’, Policy Analysis, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 481-504.

Hjern, B., Porter, D. O. (1981) ‘Implementation Structures: A New Unit of Administrative Analysis’, Organization Studies, Vol. 2, Issue 3, pp. 211-227.

Barrett, S. M. (2004) ‘Implementation Studies: Time for a Revival? Personal Reflections on 20 Years of Implementation Studies’, Public Administration, Vol. 82, No. 2, pp. 249-62

9 Dorey, P. (2014) Policy-Making in Britain, London: Sage, pp. 57-59

Case study should not be more than 2000 words excluding bibliography