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How is HIV transmitted to a new born?

Child Growth and Development

Exam 1 Review

 

Chapter 1 (29 points)

  • Definitions – nature, nurture, naturalistic observation studies, shaping, positive reinforcement, and time out
  • Know the purpose of human development theories.
  • Know about Gesell, Bandura, Freud, Erikson, and Vygotsky’s theories of development.
  • Know that Behaviorism and Learning Theory are the same.
  • Be able to identify examples of classical and operant conditioning.
  • Be able to identify the conditioned and unconditioned responses for classical conditioning examples.
  • Know what is in the text about the most effective way for teachers to increase appropriate behavior and decrease disruptive behavior.
  • Know what cognitive theorist study.
  • Know how assimilation and accommodation work according to Piaget.
  • Know about the ethical considerations of conducting research with human subjects.
  • Know about awareness of diversity with young children.
  • Know about the different types of research studies.

 

Chapter 2 (18 points)

  • Definitions – monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, carriers, phenotype, heredity, chromosomes, genetic counseling, amniocentesis, and conception
  • Know about genes inherited from parents.
  • What traits are influenced by your genetics?

 

Chapter 3 (25 points)

  • Definitions – zygote, teratogens, fetal alcohol effect, fetal alcohol syndrome, cephalocaudal, and proximodistal
  • Know the major events that happen at each stage of prenatal development.
  • What is the purpose of ammonic fluid?
  • Know about prenatal activity and movement and later activity level.
  • When during prenatal development is the developing infant most at risk to teratogens?
  • What does the zygote do before implantation?
  • Before implantation, how are the developing cells nourished?
  • How is the fetus connected to the placenta? How is the mother connected to the placenta?
  • How is HIV transmitted to a new born?
  • Why are pregnant women advised to take folic acid supplements?
  • Know the impact of smoking, lead, radiation, and maternal stress on prenatal development.

 

 

 

 

Chapter 4 (28 points)

  • Definitions: efface, dilate, Braxton-Hicks contractions, crowning, epidural, Lamaze, C-section, postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis
  • Know what happens during the stage of childbirth.
  • Know about parents and care of preterm infants.
  • Know about the research on parental interaction with infant in the first few hours after birth.
  • Know what the Apgar is and what it assesses.
  • Know what reflexes are and know the typical reflexes that newborn infants have.
  • What tastes do infants prefer?
  • Be able to identify examples of classical and operant conditioning in infants.
  • What is the purpose of infant crying?
  • What is the best way to respond to crying?
  • What do we know about Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?