EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Lab 2: CAD Pre-Screening and Estimating Aerobic Fitness
PART 1: CASE STUDY:
A 48 year old man wants to begin a moderate-to-high/vigorous intensity exercise program to decrease his risk of developing diabetes given his family history. His health profile is:
– total serum cholesterol 192 mg∙dL-1 – LDL cholesterol 102 mg∙dL-1
– resting heart rate: 66 bpm – HDL cholesterol: 67 mg∙dL-1
– no medications or symptoms – BP 128/94 mmHg
– height 5’10” – weight 216 lbs
– jogs 2-3 miles at least 3 times a week for the last five years
– fasting blood glucose is 88 mg∙dL-1 – does not smoke
– father died of an MI at age 67 and had type 2 diabetes
QUESTIONS TO ANSWER FOR PART 1
TYPE the answers to the following questions. Please provide complete and thorough answers.
1. What is his body mass index?
2. present your analysis of his risk profile in a suitable table
a. Does he have any positive or negative risk factors?
3. look at the PAR-Q+ and the associated flowchart to determine if a physician clearance is needed prior to beginning the exercise program with him. Please briefly explain why or why not a physician was necessary.
4. According to Garber et al (2011; see article under lab 1 tab):
a. What is the difference between ‘physical activity’ and ‘exercise’?
b. What is the recommended resistance training intensity for experienced lifters versus novice to intermediate individuals looking to improve strength?
c. Identify two evidence-based recommendations that fall under evidence category A, and two recommendations that fall under evidence category B.
PART 2: Estimating maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 peak/max)
Methods:
Prediction Measures:
1. Astrand-Ryhming Cycle Ergometer Test (see attached protocol) (Astrand & Ryhming, 1954)
2. Queens College Step Test (McArdle et al., 1972)
Astrand-Ryhming Cycle Test
Queens College Step Test (McArdle et al., 1972)
This is a 3-minute test that uses a 16 ¼ inch bench, with a stepping rate of 24 steps·min-1 for men and 22 steps·min-1 for women. After completing the test, you will sit down immediately and count your heart rate (HR) for 1 minute (counting should start within 5 seconds of test completion). This step-test has been validated in college-age men and women. Maximal oxygen consumption can be estimated using the following equations (McArdle et al., 1972):
Women: VO2peak (ml·kg-1·min-1) = 65.81 – (0.1847 x HR)
Men: VO2peak (ml·kg-1·min-1) = 111.33 – (0.42 x HR)
QUESTIONS TO ANSWER FOR PART 2
TYPE the answers to the following questions. provide complete and thorough answers.
1. What were the estimates of VO2max/peak from the Astrand bike test and the Queens College Step Test for this lab?
2. Write the Fick Equation and define each of the components of the equation (give the full meaning for each variable in the equation not just the equation for each subcomponent).
3. Which aspect of the Fick Equation does a submaximal bicycle ergometer test rely upon to predict maximal oxygen consumption?
4. What other assessments have been used by exercise professionals or physical educators to estimate VO2max in adults AND children? describe at least two assessments used to estimate VO2max other than those used in this lab. For each assessment:
• Briefly describe in your own words what the assessment entails. DO NOT copy/paste from the internet – put a brief description of these tests into your own words and please reference your source for each.
• Provide one population for whom this is potentially an appropriate test.
Use units when writing any values. You will need to read your text or use another resource to help answer these questions!
References
Astrand, P.O., & Ryhming, I. (1954). A nomogram for calculation of aerobic capacity (physical fitness) from pulse rate during submaximal work. Journal of Applied Physiology, 7, 218-221.
Jackson, A. S., Blair, S. N., Mahar, M. T., Wier, L. T., Rossand, R. M., & Stuteville, J. E. (1990). Prediction of functional aerobic capacity without exercise testing. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22(6), 863-870.
Kline, G., Porcari, J., Hintermeister, R., Freedson, P., Ward, A., McCarron, R., Ross, J., Rippe, J. (1987). Estimation of VO2max from a 1-mile track walk, gender, age, and body weight. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 19, 253-259.
McSwegin, P., Plowman, S., Wolff, G., & Guttenberg, G. (1998). The validity of a one-mile walk test for high school age individuals. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2, 47-63.
McArdle, W.D., et al. (1972). Reliability and interrelationships between maximal oxygen uptake, physical work capacity and step test scores in college women. Medicine and Science in Sports, 4, 182-186.